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Cancer Image Guided Radiotherapy is a sophisticated treatment approach that combines advanced imaging techniques with precise radiation therapy delivery to target and treat cancerous tumors.
The primary goal of Image Guided Radiotherapy is to enhance the accuracy of radiation therapy by continuously visualizing the tumor and surrounding anatomy during treatment sessions.
Here are some common types as below:
- X-ray-based IGRT
- CT-based IGRT
- MRI-based IGRT
- PET-CT-based IGRT
- Ultrasound-based IGRT
Following are the procedure steps:
Consultation and Evaluation: The process begins with a consultation between the patient and their oncologist or radiation oncologist. During this consultation, the medical team evaluates the patient's medical history, conducts a physical examination, and reviews imaging studies (such as CT scans, MRI, or PET scans) to determine the location, size, and characteristics of the tumor.
Simulation: Once the treatment plan is established, the patient undergoes a simulation session to precisely map out the treatment area and position the patient for accurate radiation delivery. This often involves the use of immobilization devices or customized molds to ensure consistent positioning during treatment. Imaging scans, such as CT or MRI, may be performed during simulation to provide detailed information for treatment planning.
Treatment Planning: Using the data obtained from simulation, the radiation oncology team develops a customized treatment plan tailored to the patient's specific anatomy and tumor characteristics.
Advanced computer software is used to calculate the optimal radiation dose and beam angles to target the tumor while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues and organs.
Image Guidance Setup: Before each treatment session, the patient is positioned on the treatment table using the same setup as during simulation. Image guidance techniques, such as X-ray, CT, MRI, or ultrasound, are then employed to verify the precise position of the tumor relative to the radiation beams. This ensures accurate alignment and targeting of the tumor before radiation delivery.
Treatment Delivery: Once the patient is properly positioned and verified, the actual radiation treatment is administered using a linear accelerator or other radiation delivery system. The radiation oncology team closely monitors the treatment process from an adjacent control room, ensuring that the radiation beams are accurately directed to the target area.
Monitoring and Follow-up: Throughout the course of treatment, patients undergo periodic imaging studies and medical evaluations to assess treatment response and manage any side effects. Adjustments to the treatment plan may be made as necessary based on these evaluations.
Completion of Treatment: Once the prescribed course of radiation therapy is completed, patients typically undergo a final evaluation to assess treatment outcomes and develop a follow-up plan for ongoing monitoring and care.