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Nuclear medicine imaging is unique because it provides functional information, as opposed to just structural details, as in other imaging techniques like X-rays or CT scans.
The radiopharmaceuticals are typically injected, inhaled, or ingested, and they emit gamma rays from within the body. Specialized cameras detect these emissions to create images that provide information about the structure and function of organs and tissues.
Here are some common types as below:
Radiopharmaceutical Administration:
The patient is administered a radiopharmaceutical via injection, inhalation, or orally. The choice of tracer depends on the specific organ or function being evaluated.
Waiting Period:
After administration, the radiopharmaceutical travels through the body to the targeted organ or tissue.
Imaging:
The patient lies on an examination table, and a gamma camera or PET scanner is positioned around them. The camera detects the gamma rays emitted from the radiopharmaceutical and converts them into electrical signals.
The data is then processed to create images of the area under study, which can be viewed in 2D or reconstructed into 3D images.
Post-Procedure:
The images are reviewed by a nuclear medicine specialist who interprets the results.
The radiopharmaceutical naturally decays or is eliminated from the body, usually within hours to a few days.